Using City Directories and the Census to Identify
Relationships
The Covina Argus[1]
newspaper is a treasure trove for stories about my ancestors who settled in the
San Gabriel Valley of southern California.
Most prevalent were stories about my Kendall family which may not be so
serendipitous.[2]
On the 16th of November 1917 one snippet in
the social column caught my eye:
Source: Covina Argus on newspaperarchive.com |
Abundant Clues
Here’s a list of clues I gleaned from this two-sentence news
item:
- Mr. and Mrs. H.M. Kendall lived on Orange Avenue in November 1917
- Mrs. Mary Clark had a daughter named Miss Daisy Clark.
- Daisy Clark was not married.
- The Clarks arrived on Wednesday.
- The Clarks were from Cincinnati, Ohio.
- The Clarks were visiting “relatives”.
- Mrs. Clark was Mrs. Kendall’s cousin.
Did I miss anything?
What My Existing Records Show
·
Mr. and Mrs. H.M. Kendall lived on Orange Avenue
in 1917.
·
“Mrs. Kendall”, nee Ida May Brown, was the
daughter of Jane Clark and Thomas Brown.
·
Jane Clark’s father was Daniel Clark, second
wife was Irena, and they lived in Adams County, Ohio.
The Big Question
Based on what I already know, I think this news snippet is
worthy of further research. So, who was Mrs. Mary Clark and her daughter Daisy
and how were they related to “Mrs. Kendall”.
Was Mrs. Mary Clark married or a widow? Sometimes, newspapers would refer to a widow
at Mrs. “Her Given First Name” followed by “Her Married Last Name” such as Mrs.
Mary Clark. I’ll need to verify all of this
information. Sorry Uncle Louie, just
because you’re the newspaper publisher doesn't necessarily equate to accuracy.
City Directory Search
I like using city directories so that’s where I focused my
initial search on Ancestry.com -- Mary Clark; lived in Cincinnati, Hamilton
County, Ohio (filter set to county and nearby counties); keyword Daisy. There were way too many results – Mary Clark
was just too common of a name without more search criteria which I didn't
have. Switching the search to Daisy
Clark with keyword Mary Clark was more promising. The chart below shows the results for years
1917-1924.
Year
|
Names/Listing
|
Town
|
1917[3]
|
Clark, Daisy B. res. 2367 Norwood Av
------ Grant, blacksmith, res. (Mary)
|
Norwood
|
1919[4]
|
Clark, Daisy D. res. 2367 Norwood Av
------ Grant U. blacksmith, res. (Mary E.)
------ Mrs. Mary E., furnished rooms, res
same
|
Norwood
|
1922[5]
|
Clark, Daisy, machine operator, res. 2367 Norwood Av
------ Grant V. blacksmith, res. (Mary E.)
|
Norwood
|
1924[6]
|
Clark, Daisy B. forelady, res. 5420 Carthage Av
------ Grant, blacksmith, res. (Mary E.)
|
Norwood
|
Now, my working assumption based on the city directory
results was that Mrs. Mary Clark was not a widow but married to Grant Clark at
the time of the newspaper article and that their daughter was Daisy B or D.
Clark. Note Grant’s middle initial in
1919 and 1922, and his occupation. The
next step is to determine whether there’s a relationship between Grant Clark and
Jane Clark Brown, the mother of Ida May Brown Kendall.
Census Search
The census was just the resource I needed to establish a relationship between Grant, Mary and Daisy Clark, their residence and his occupation for comparison to the city directory listings. The census search was extensive in order to reach Jane Clark’s parents. Below are the findings from 1860-1930:
The census was just the resource I needed to establish a relationship between Grant, Mary and Daisy Clark, their residence and his occupation for comparison to the city directory listings. The census search was extensive in order to reach Jane Clark’s parents. Below are the findings from 1860-1930:
Year
|
Household
|
Location
|
1930[7]
|
Clark, Grant: head, born 1869, Ohio. age 61, blacksmith
-------- Mary, wife, age 58
|
Cincinnati, Ohio
|
1920[8]
|
Clark, Grant: head, born 1869, Ohio. Age 51, blacksmith
-------- Mary E. Clark, wife, age 49
-------- Daisy D. Clark, age 24, daughter
Abernathy, Charles, age 47, lodger
Wieman, John R., age 54, lodger
|
Norwood Twp Ward 4, Hamilton, Ohio
|
1910[9]
|
Clark, Grant U. S.: head, born 1870, Ohio, age 40,
blacksmith
-------- May [Mary] E., wife, age 38
-------- Icie M., daughter, age 17
-------- Daisy D., daughter, age 14
|
Cincinnati Ward 23, Hamilton, Ohio
|
1900[10]
|
Clark, Gray [Grant]: head, age 31, born Dec 1868, farmer
-------- Mary, wife, age 30
-------- Icy M., daughter, age 7
-------- Daisy D., daughter, age 6, born May 1894
Daulton, Syvilla, mother-in-law, age 61
|
Huntington, Brown, Ohio
|
1890
|
Not found
|
|
1880[11]
|
Clark, Edward: head, laborer, born 1840, age 40
-------- Jane Clark, mother, age 30
-------- Mary Clark, daughter, age 14
-------- Grant, son, born 1869, age 11
-------- Raymond, son, age 8
-------- Nannie Clark, daughter, age 5
|
Jackson, Highland, Ohio
|
1870[12]
|
Clark, Edward C: head, age 29 ,
-------- Sarah J Clark, wife, age 22
-------- Mary E Clark, age 4
-------- W [U] Grant, age 2
|
Scott, Adams, Ohio
|
1860[13]
|
Clark, David [Daniel]: head, age 44
-------- Irena, wife, age 40
-------- Mary, daughter, age 23
-------- Adah, daughter, age 21
-------- Edward, son,
age 20
-------- Martha, age 18
-------- Adam, age 16
-------- Jane, age 13
-------- Joseph, age 11
-------- Mahalon, age 8
-------- Sarah E, age 8
-------- Daniel, age 5
-------- Drousilla, age 3
|
Franklin, Adams, Ohio
|
Analysis
The city directories showed that Grant, his wife Mary and
Daisy lived at the same addresses. Grant
was a blacksmith on each listing. Grant’s
middle initial was U or V. Mary’s middle
initial was E on three of the four listings.
Daisy’s middle initial was D or B.
The 1900-1930 censuses showed that Grant and Mary were
married, Daisy was one of their daughters and they lived in Cincinnati (of which
Norwood was a suburb) from 1910-1930.
Grant was a blacksmith during this period. His middle initial was U or U S on a couple
censuses. Mary’s middle initial was E on
the 1910 and 1920 census. Daisy’s middle
initial was D on the census years 1900, 1910 and 1920.
The 1860 census showed that Daniel Clark had several
children, including Jane (my great-great grandmother) and her brother
Edward. The 1870 census showed that Edward
was married and had a son named Grant with middle initial U.[14]
Conclusion
City directory and census research results have reasonably convinced
me that Mrs. Mary Clark was Mrs. Kendall’s cousin by marriage. Mrs. Clark had a daughter named Daisy and
they lived in Cincinnati, Ohio in 1917 at the time of their visit with Mrs.
Kendall. Mary Clark was married to Grant U. Clark, whose
father was Edward Clark and one of Edward’s sisters was Jane Clark. Jane Clark married Thomas Brown and one of
their daughters was Ida May Brown Kendall.
Grant Clark was Mrs. Kendall’s first cousin (blood relative).[15]
Uncle Louie’s newspaper article in 1917 was
accurate. I won’t pick at the absence of
the precise cousin relationship – that only matters in genealogical research.
The visit by Mary and Daisy Clark intrigued me. It inferred a level of interaction by my
great-grandmother with her cousin Grant and Uncle Edward Clark. Could one of the descendants of Edward or
Grant hold more clues about who raised her after her parents were divorced? More threads for future research.
I sure hope I'm related to someone reading the many names in this post. Whether you are or not, add a Comment below or send me an email by clicking on the Contact Me tab above. Thanks!
Sources
[1]
Digitized editions of the Covina Argus newspaper included available on
Newspapers.com. The article of this posting was on newspaperarchive.com.
[2]
Know that my grandma Ethel May Kendall was married to Alba Hibsch whose
mother’s (Martha Bashor Hibsch) sister (Cordelia Bashor), was married to
the publisher, James Lewis Matthews.
[3]
Year 1917 - Publication Title: Norwood, Ohio, City Directory, 1917; Publisher:
Williams; Ancestry.com. U.S. City Directories, 1821-1989 [database
on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2011.
[4]
Year 1919 - Publication Title: Norwood, Ohio, City Directory, 1919; Publisher:
Williams; Ancestry.com. U.S. City Directories, 1821-1989 [database
on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2011.
[5]
Year 1922 - Publication Title: Norwood, Ohio, City Directory, 1922; Publisher:
Williams; Ancestry.com. U.S. City Directories, 1821-1989 [database
on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2011.
[6]
Year 1924 - Publication Title: Norwood, Ohio, City Directory, 1924; Publisher:
Williams; Ancestry.com. U.S. City Directories, 1821-1989 [database
on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2011.
[7]
Year: 1930; Census Place: Cincinnati, Hamilton,
Ohio; Roll: 1806; Page: 8A; Enumeration
District: 0411; Image: 671.0; FHL
microfilm: 2341540.
[8]
Year: 1920; Census Place: Norwood Ward 4, Hamilton,
Ohio; Roll: T625_1395; Page: 3B; Enumeration
District: 473; Image: 1177.
[9]
Year: 1910; Census Place: Cincinnati Ward
23, Hamilton, Ohio; Roll: T624_1194; Page: 17A; Enumeration
District: 0268; FHL microfilm: 1375207.
[10]
Year: 1900; Census Place: Huntington, Brown, Ohio; Roll: 1242; Page: 11A; Enumeration
District: 0009; FHL microfilm: 1241242.
[11]
Year: 1880; Census Place: Jackson, Highland, Ohio; Roll: 1033; Family
History Film: 1255033; Page: 335A; Enumeration
District: 044; Image: 0050.
[12]
Year: 1870; Census Place: Scott, Adams, Ohio; Roll: M593_1167; Page: 183A; Image: 372; Family
History Library Film: 552666.
[13]
Year: 1860; Census Place: Franklin, Adams, Ohio; Roll: M653_928; Page: 250; Image: 495; Family
History Library Film: 803928.
[14]
The transcriber identified the middle initial as W but I think it's U and submitted a correction to Ancestry.com.